59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to
guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most
of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the
software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually
obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of
this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or
any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not
restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the
most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else,
saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably
considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as
separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on
the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing
source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all
the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the
executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source
code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify,
sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program
or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any
work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to
copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed
on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all
those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has
the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have
made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder
who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version",
you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for
permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for
this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of
